The long-awaited reversible hydroelectric plant Đerdap 3 could significantly shape the energy landscape of the Balkans. With an estimated cost of several billion euros, this ambitious project involving Serbia and Romania has garnered interest from the USA, potentially impacting the entire European energy market. However, several challenges remain in its path.
Discussions regarding the construction of Đerdap 3 took place two years ago with the American company Bechtel. Currently, the project is in the final phase of its feasibility study, with completion anticipated no earlier than 2035, according to the Ministry of Mining and Energy. Veljko Kovačević, State Secretary at the ministry, mentioned to Euronews Serbia that they expect to finalize additional market simulations within the next month to assess the financial implications of this project alongside the existing Đerdap 1 and 2 plants.
The proposed hydroelectric plant on the Danube aims for a capacity of either 1,200, 1,800, or 2,400 megawatts, depending on negotiations with Romania. Kovačević noted that achieving a capacity of 1,800 megawatts would benefit Romania, while 2,400 megawatts could transform the region’s energy dynamics.
Romania’s involvement as a key partner comes with specific conditions. The Romanian Ministry of Mining and Energy stated that the construction of Đerdap 3 should not negatively impact the existing Đerdap 1 and 2 plants and emphasized the importance of maintaining production and ecological balance.
Our inquiries to the Romanian Ministry of Energy for further comments have gone unanswered.
Experts also highlight other considerations. Journalist Jelica Putniković from “Energija Balkana” believes that Serbia stands to gain considerably from increased electricity capacity. However, she points out the need to evaluate potential reservoir locations, as Europe has largely exhausted its hydro potential.
Putniković also noted Romania’s negotiating leverage stemming from historical disputes over the existing Đerdap plants. She recalled that Romania had not fully honored its obligations concerning Đerdap 1 and 2 during Tito’s era, which has led to lingering consequences for Serbia, including groundwater issues and damage to downstream settlements.
In summary, while Đerdap 3 presents a promising opportunity for regional energy cooperation, careful consideration of ecological impacts and historical context is crucial for its success.
