With the suspension of the Jadar project in Serbia and the onset of the war in Ukraine, European nations are accelerating their transition towards green energy. Sanctions against Russia and strained relations with China, a dominant player in renewable energy markets, have heightened the urgency for critical raw materials like lithium for solar panels and electric vehicle batteries. Consequently, Serbia has emerged as an increasingly attractive destination for mining investments. However, concerns linger over whether the public’s voice will be heard amidst the pursuit of Serbian lithium.
Recent statements by Maroš Šefčovič, the European Commissioner for the Green Plan, confirming negotiations for a trade partnership on supplying the EU with lithium from Serbia, have deepened citizens’ skepticism. Meanwhile, Rio Sava, the company representing Rio Tinto in Serbia, continues its online campaign, signaling sustained interest despite project setbacks. Additionally, a new environmental impact assessment study has been announced by the company.
However, Serbia lacks crucial mining documents, including the Draft Spatial Plan and the Strategy for Mineral Resource Management. Despite this, negotiations over critical raw materials proceed, raising questions about governance and public involvement. These overarching strategies, essential for project decisions, remain pending adoption or formulation.
Legal experts emphasize the necessity of these documents for negotiating contracts and decision-making in the mining sector. While the Ministry of Mining and Energy has initiated steps to address these gaps, challenges persist in aligning national strategies with public interests.
Amidst international interest in Serbian lithium, concerns arise over environmental impacts and governance. Questions about waste management, water contamination, and public health implications underscore the need for comprehensive assessments and transparent decision-making. However, doubts persist about the objectivity of studies commissioned by mining companies, highlighting the importance of independent evaluations to safeguard public interests.
In navigating these complexities, Serbia faces a delicate balancing act between economic development, environmental protection, and public welfare. Ensuring meaningful public participation, transparent governance, and independent assessments will be critical in shaping the country’s mining policies and safeguarding its natural resources for future generations.
