The discussion around nuclear energy in Serbia has gained momentum with the proposed amendments to the Law on Energy, which are currently under public discussion. The amendments, if adopted, would effectively lift the longstanding ban on the construction of nuclear power plants in Serbia, a ban that dates back to the era of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. This move is seen as a necessary first step toward evaluating the feasibility and potential benefits of nuclear energy in the country.
Local experts are divided on the issue. While some, like energy expert Željko Marković, argue that nuclear power could be a viable alternative to coal, particularly as Serbia will eventually need to transition away from coal-fired power plants, others are more cautious. They point out the substantial challenges, such as the need for significant investment, specialized staff, and solutions for waste disposal. Additionally, they question whether the future energy demands of Serbia, given projected demographic trends and industrial growth, would justify such a large-scale project.
The proposed changes to the Energy Law would introduce a new chapter dedicated to nuclear energy, outlining a three-phase approach to its development: assessing the justification for nuclear energy, developing a nuclear energy program, and implementing it. This careful, phased approach reflects the complexities and potential risks associated with nuclear energy.
The broader strategic context is also important. State Secretary in the Ministry of Mining and Energy, Veljko Kovačević, emphasized that the new Energy Development Strategy of Serbia until 2024, with projections until 2050, considers nuclear energy as a key component in ensuring energy security and carbon neutrality in the future. This strategy marks a significant shift in Serbia’s energy policy, opening the door to nuclear energy as a potential long-term solution to the country’s energy needs.
