Globally, approximately 1.1 million tons of hazelnuts are produced each year, with Turkey dominating the market by producing around 70 percent of the world’s supply.
In Serbia and its neighboring regions, growing hazelnuts presents both opportunities and challenges. The country’s climate and soil conditions are suitable for hazelnut cultivation, but the process is demanding. Alen Islamović, a well-known singer who has ventured into hazelnut farming through his company Farma Islamović and Aleksandar Mauković, who is expanding the family business Pam Promet, provide valuable insights into this industry.
According to Mauković, establishing a hazelnut farm requires significant initial investment, including land purchase, seedlings, irrigation systems, and ongoing orchard maintenance. The first harvest is not expected until the sixth year, with substantial profits beginning from the tenth year. The most common varieties in Serbia include Tonda Gifoni, Tonda Romana, Tonda Nokioni, and Ennis. While Tonda varieties are primarily used in confectionery, Ennis is preferred for raw consumption and is sold in supermarkets. Hazelnut quality standards are strict, including moisture limits and the absence of visible rot or pest damage, requiring detailed analysis by accredited laboratories.
Islamović echoes these sentiments, highlighting the extensive effort needed to prepare the land, select suitable varieties, and manage the orchard for several years before seeing fruit. Despite the challenges, hazelnuts are highly valuable, with applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and as biofuel. Meeting quality standards is crucial, and adherence to eco-friendly practices is essential due to rigorous market testing.
Both Islamović and Mauković note that Turkey’s dominant position in the market and the high demand from major companies like Ferrero significantly influence hazelnut prices. The price for hazelnuts has been steadily increasing by 15 to 20 percent annually, reflecting growing global demand.
For aspiring hazelnut farmers, Islamović advises consulting agronomists to select appropriate varieties based on altitude and conditions. He believes that while the initial investment and waiting period are substantial, the long-term benefits can be significant. Mauković also underscores the importance of patience and strategic planning, noting that while the financial return may take up to 20 years, hazelnut farming offers a profitable and sustainable investment.
In summary, hazelnut farming in Serbia presents a lucrative opportunity for those willing to invest time and resources. By understanding market dynamics, adhering to quality standards and implementing effective management practices, farmers can navigate the challenges and reap the rewards of this valuable crop.
